Rosegrant, jawoo koo, richard robertson, timothy sulser. Climate change, which is largely a result of burning fossil fuels, is already affecting the earths temperature, precipitation, and hydrological cycles. The intergovernmental panel on climate change ipcc reported that each of the past 3 decades has been successively warmer at the earths surface than any preceding decade since 1850. Additional indirect effects may arise from changes in. Impact of climate change on agriculture and rural development 2. Climate change impact on agriculture and costs of adaptation international food policy research institute washington, d. Development ictsd launched the ictsdipc platform on climate change, agriculture and trade.
The impacts of climate change on agriculture in north america. Climate can be viewed as an integration of complex weather conditions averaged over a. Communitybased adaptation approaches empower people to plan for and cope with climate change impacts by focusing on community led processes grounded in the priorities, needs, knowledge and capacities of communities chesterman and hope 2011, in. Reynolds and rodomiro ortiz predictions of climate change and its impact on crop productivity 2 scenarios of climate change within the context of agriculture 9 andy jarvis, julian ramirez, ben anderson, christoph leibing and pramod aggarwal. Climate change and its impact on agriculture anupama mahato junior research fellow, guru ghasidasvishwavidyalaya, koni, c. Phase i 20012004 examined the impact of climate change on crop yields. Effect of climate change on agricultural crops sciencedirect. Climate change and agriculture impacts, adaptation and mitigation by anita wreford, dominic moran and neil adger climate change is likely to have significant impacts on the agricultural sector to which farmers will have to adapt.
Climate change has the potential to increase the number and intensity of extreme weather events in the state27, which may have profound shortterm impacts on agriculture. Agriculture has been and will continue to be significantly affected by changes in climate condition quantity, quality, cost of production 2. Australia is a big country and includes various types of climate. Economic responses to biophysical shocks article pdf available in proceedings of the national academy of sciences 1119 december 20 with 1,189 reads. Climate change can therefore be expected to impact on agriculture, potentially threatening established aspects of farming systems but also providing opportunities for improvements. The term weather refers to the shortterm daily changes in. Agriculture and climate change european environment agency. This report evaluates the requirements for an assessment of climate change impacts on agriculture to guide policy makers on investment priorities and phasing. Climate change and the agriculture sector climate and impacts factsheet series, factsheet 4 of 7 conservation agriculture approaches aim to achieve resourcesaving agricultural production with acceptable profits, and high and sustained production levels while conserving the environment. This study very clearly indicates that the sector deserves more attention when it comes to both climate change threats and opportunities. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. The effects of global warming on food supply are dire, whilst world population is increasing. Over the next several years, the world trade organization wto is undertaking major trade.
This report is an assessment of the effects of climate change on u. The effects of climate change on agricultural systems a 5. Implications for agriculture p5 the effects of climate change on crop and food production are already evident in several regions of the world, with negative impacts more common than positive ones. This paper provides an overview of climate change and agriculture, while paying some specific attention to the impact of climate. Research the food and agriculture organisation of the united nations estimates that the world needs to produce 50% more food by the year 2030. Generally climate change is already affecting agricultural activities with the most devastating adverse effects in nigeria as. Considering the alarming predictions of researchers and policy makers concerning the natural phenomenon climate change, this study effects of climate change on agricultural sustainability implications for food security was carried out in.
The eu needs to reduce its greenhousegas emissions from agriculture and adapt its foodproduction system to cope with climate change. Fakava fao sub regional office for pacific islands apia, samoa regional training workshop on adaptation for the pacific least developed countries. However, other stressors such as population growth may magnify the effects of climate change on food security. Climate change will eliminate much of the improvement in child malnourishment levels that would occur with no climate change. I wont deal with tropical agriculture in detail, but many studies indicate that the positive effects of climate change will be less marked in the tropics than in temperate agriculture. Climate change impacts on water supply and agricultural water management in californias western san joaquin valley, and potential adaptation strategies. The period from 1983 to 2012 was likely the warmest 30year period of the last 1400 years in the northern hemisphere, where such an assessment is possible medium confidence. Climate change and agriculture in the united states. The intention is to provide a clear message for development practitioners and policy makers in order to enable them to cope with the threats, as well as understand the opportunities, presented by ongoing climate change.
Adaptation measures can help delay and reduce some of these impacts. The impact of climate change on canadian agriculture. Climate change and agriculture are interrelated processes, both of which take place on a global scale. But climate change is only one of many pressures on agriculture. As the climate changes, increased temperatures and extreme events are predicted in the southwestern united states, which could impact crop productivity and food security. The effects of climate change on agriculture, land resources. G, india abstract global climate change is a change in the longterm weather patterns that characterize the regions of the world. Agriculture both contributes to climate change and is affected by climate change. The intergovernmental panel on climate change ipcc has.
An overview of climate change and its impact on agriculture. Agriculture and climate change global greenhouse warming. In agriculture, adaptation will require costeffective investments. This interdisciplinary platform of climate change, agricultural and trade experts seeks to promote increased policy coherence to ensure effective climate change mitigation and adaptation, food security and a more open and equitable global food system. Other reports in this series will assess what is known about the impact of climate change on weather and include analyses of its impact on water resources, coastal areas, human health, ecosystems, and forests. Climate is an essential factor that has direct effects on agricultural production. Sep 30, 2009 agriculture is extremely vulnerable to climate changes, notes a new study from the international food policy research institute ifpri that looks at how climate change will affect food. Climate change and agriculture climate scientists project that over the next several decades the accumulation of greenhouse gases will continue to raise temperatures and change established precipitation patterns across the world.
Climate change and agriculture food and agriculture. The effects of climate change on agriculture, land. Because of the potential effects of climatic change on agricultural insect pests 223 time lags that exist between changes in atmospheric composition and changes in climate, even if measures to curb ghg emissions were introduced imme diately, the cumulative effects of past human activity will take many decades to be fully realized ipcc, 1990a. Hence, the temperature and rainfall, indicated as climate change. This increase in production is vital due to increases in human population and other factors such as changes in diet. In this article, we take a look at the positive and negative effects of global warming on canadian agriculture. The effects of climate change on agricultural systems a. The effects of climate change on agriculture in the united.
Climate change effects on human water demand and irrigation may intensify these effects. Following the introduction, the impact of agricultural production on global warming and climate change is considered, including possibilities for mitiga tion. We analysed climate change impacts on agricultural production potentials, in terms of the area suitable for agricultural production, the number of possible harvests per year and potential yield formation on the global scale. According to study and forecast of the intergovernmental panel on climate change ippc and the world bank, in vietnam, the sea level rising 1 meter will flood about. To assess the likely impact of climate change on u. Global warming affects agriculture in a number of ways. Agriculture has not figured very prominently in the climate discussion so far.
And, finally, section vi summarizes and concludes with some reasonable policy prescriptions. Issues influencing future impacts and adaptations are discussed in section v, specifically changes in socio economic conditions and agricultural policy, exports. This paper provides an overview of climate change and agriculture, while paying some specific attention to the impact of climate change on indian agriculture. Climate impacts on agriculture and food supply climate. Nelson is an agricultural economist with over 30 years of professional and research experience in the areas of agriculture, policy analysis, land use and climate change.
It is understood that the the increased impacts of cli mate change put the agricultural sector at the central point of. Agricultural technologies for climate change mitigation and. Climate change effects on agriculture will have consequences for food security, both in the u. Understanding interrelations and interactions in the agricultural sector and. Climate change and ag california department of food and. Implication for agricultural extension system in nigeria. Climate change will impact negatively on our ability to maintain our production of food impact case study crops and climate change helping to ensure food security as our climate changes, there will be big impacts on crop production. Existing adaption strategies can help offset many but not all effects over the next 2030 years. Pdf impacts of climate change on agriculture in ethiopia. Response model for farm animals with thermal environmental challenges hahn, 1999.
Effects of regional climate change on agriculture have been limited. Changes in crop phenology provide important evidence of the response to recent regional climate change. Climate can be viewed as an integration of complex weather conditions averaged over a significant area. Understanding what these changes will be, and how they affect crops can only help us to better prepare for. And in this change, we are losing the connection to the food we eat where it comes from, what is required to. Causes and effects a teaching and learning resource for grade 7 science how should decisions about environmenta l. Oct 25, 2016 the chiefly agrarian population of nepal has started feeling the effects of climate change with reductions in crop yields due to the changing climatic pattern. Research finds ways to address effects of climate change in. Afolu agriculture, forestry and other land use landscape. According to study and forecast of the intergovernmental panel on climate change ippc and the world bank, in vietnam, the sea level rising 1. Flooding in the delta and central valley farmland is likely to increase from the combination of rapid snow melt resulting from warmer temperatures in the. Agriculture and climate change food and agriculture organization.
Phenology is the study of natural phenomena that recur periodically, and how these phenomena relate to climate and seasonal changes. Impact of climate change on global agricultural potentials. The us climate change science program in 008 released a report on the impact of climate change on agriculture, water resources, etc. Figure 2 presents recent data in carbon dioxide equivalents co. Agricultural technologies for climate change mitigation. Thank you for your interest in the usda southwest climate hubs curriculum unit, the effects of climate change on agricultural systems. Agriculture and climate change challenges and opportunities at the global and local level. Adaptation to climate change is expected to increase maize yields in all aezs, with mk gaining the most from adaptations.
Because agriculture is vital for national food security and is a strong contributor to brazils gdp growth, there. This body of research addresses possible physical effects of climatic change on agriculture, such as changes in crop and livestock yields, as well as the economic consequences of these potential yield changes. Because agriculture is vital for national food security and is a strong contributor to brazils gdp growth, there is growing concern that brazilian agriculture is increasingly vulnerable to climate variability and change. Climate change impacts on agriculture in eni south countries. Effect of climate change on world crop, livestock, and forest products. Agricultural trade, markets and investments draft 5 agricultural production, including access to food, in many african countries and regions is projected to be severely compromised by climate variability and change. Without adaptation, climate change is projected to reduce production. Climatechange effects on crop production, no co2 fertilization. Agriculture is an essential component of societal wellbeing and it occupies 40 percent of the land surface, consumes 70 percent of global water resources and manages biodiversity at genetic, species and ecosystem levels. Climate change is considered as a global impact, not a local one. It is one of a series of 21 synthesis and assessment products being produced under the auspices of the u. At every point of production, agriculture influences and is influenced by ecosystems, biodiversity, climate. Agriculture, climate change and carbon sequestration.
The potential effects of climatic change on agricultural. Agriculture and climate change are inextricably linkedcrop yield, biodiversity, and water use, as well as soil health are directly affected by a changing climate. As the climate changes, increased temperatures and extreme events are predicted in the southwestern united states. Though climate change is a threat to agriculture and nonagricultural socioeconomic. Phase ii 20052008 built on this work to investigate the impacts of climate.
Climate change science program synthesis and assessment product 4. Adams et al effects of global climate change on agriculture changes in the incidence and distribution of pests and pathogens sutherst et al. This work has never been presented either in whole or in part for any other degree in this university or elsewhere. Agriculture and climate change are deeply intertwined. Impact of climate change on agricultural growth in nepal 3 findings of the study.
Its time to change the way agriculture affects the environment, and vice versa. Threats and opportunities international climate change. Internationally, these effects of climate change on agriculture and food supply are likely to be similar to those seen in the united states. Climate change, effects, adaptation strategies, implications and agricultural extension system. Tools for adaptation crop breeding for development of new climate tolerant crop varieties is a key tool for adapting agriculture to a changing climate.
Agriculture is challenged by feeding 9 billion until 2050, while at the same time it is faced with changing climate conditions. This report, the first in a series of environmental impact reports, will explore anticipated effects of climate change on u. Faced with growing global demand and competition for resources, the eus food production and consumption need to. As coleader of ifpris global change program, he is responsible for developing ifpris research in climate change modeling. The us global change research program 2009 assessed the literature on the impacts of climate change on agriculture in the united states, finding that many crops will benefit from increased atmospheric co. The projected changes of climate, effects of climate change on the australian agriculture, effects of australian agriculture on climate change, ways to lessen the effects by means of mitigation and adaptation will be discussed in detail later in this paper.